Essay on Chandrayaan 2, The Indian Academy of Sciences had to launch the Indian scientific mission to the moon in 1999. In the year of 2000, the Indian Astronautical Society organized a meeting for discussion. Once the discussions were made, the ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization) developed a National Lunar Mission Task Force. This is how the first moon mission of India launched, Chandrayaan 1, from Satish Dhawan Space Center.
This mission was held in Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh, in October 2008. This mission worked on different objectives, which are mentioned below:
- To offer a 3-dimensional Atlas of the Moon (near or far)
- To perform remote sensing at a high resolution of the surface of the moon
- To decide on the influence of a sub-satellite upon the lunar surface in preparation for soft-landing missions in the future
- To perform mineral and chemical studies to map the whole lunar surface
Through this mission, the presence of calcium and titanium has been detected. At the same time, different minerals like aluminum, iron, and magnesium have been measured. When the communications with Chandrayaan 1 got destroyed, the mission was terminated on 28 August 2009.
However, the research by Chandrayaan 1 lasted 312 days. As per the estimation, the project had a cost of Rs 386 crores or 60 million US dollars. After the failure of Chandrayaan 1, Chandrayaan 2 came into effect. In this essay, we are going to know more about Chandrayaan 2 in detail:
Essay on Chandrayaan 2
Chandrayaan 2 Essay In English
It was the second lunar exploration mission that followed Chandrayaan 1. The ISRO developed it, which was a complex task. It represented a technological leap as compared to the primary mission of the ISRO. The primary goal of Chandrayaan 2 was to demonstrate soft-landing on the lunar surface and the capacity to run a robot rover on the lunar surface.
It was the second mission to the moon by the Indian Space Research Organization at number 5 in the world. It had a budget of 1.2 billion dollars. This budget was almost a fraction of the budget when compared to other space agencies. It means that ISRO has always set up cost-effective solutions and missions.
This mission was launched to explore the south pole of the moon, which is a celestial body. This mission included the lunar orbiter, which was known as Vikram, and also the lunar Rover known as Pragyan. All of these were evolved in India by the experts of ISRO.
ISRO is an organization, which is responsible for many space missions in our country. They carry out research activities and introduce many missions in front of experts and also make them successful to launch with their hard work and dedication.
There were many objectives of Chandrayaan 2, which were supposed to meet after the successful launch of this mission. But in actuality, it did not get success completely. The aim of Chandrayaan 2 was
- To improve the understanding of celestial bodies,
- To promote global alliances,
- To trigger technological advancement,
- To motivate a new generation who have just stepped into their career as scientists and explorers.
Why did Chandrayaan 2 go to the moon?
This mission all revolved around going to the moon for a variety of reasons. The moon is one of the closest cosmic bodies to which different space discoveries can be tried upon and documented. If we see our history, the moon has a great relationship with the earth, as mentioned in books.
It provides an uninterrupted historical record of the inner solar system environment. When Chandrayaan 1 attempted the land on the moon, it discovered evidence of water molecules and this is why it needs further research work and studies.
Researchers and experts want to know the extent of water molecule distribution on the surface, in the tenuous lunar exosphere, and below the surface to find the origin of water on this celestial body.
Why did Chandrayaan 2 want to explore only the South Pole?
The south pole of the lunar surface is very interesting due to the lunar surface region, which remains in shadow. The best part is that it is much larger as compared to the North Pole. Moreover, it is possible to have a presence of water in areas, which are permanently shadowed. Apart from that, the region of the South Pole is equipped with craters, which are cold traps and have a fossil record of the early solar system.
Through Chandrayaan 2, India would be the 4th country to perform a soft-land operation on the lunar surface, if it is landed on Chandrayaan 2 successfully. The second launch pad for this mission was the Satish Dhawan Space Center. Here, the spacecraft was launched on July 22nd, 2019 on the mission of reaching the moon.
Essay About Chandrayaan 2 in English
This spacecraft was launched by a GSLV Mark III M1 rocket and reached the orbit of the moon. This spacecraft is a 3-stage vehicle that is the most powerful launcher in India to date and can launch a 4-ton class of satellites to the GTO (Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit). After that, it was landed on August 30, 2019, in a successful way.
Tactics to position the lander known as Vikram started. The Rover and the Lander had to land on September 6th, 2019 in a high plain between two craters at 70 degrees south latitude in the south polar region of the moon. These craters were Manzinus C and Simpelius N.
The mission would be to perform scientific experiments for one lunar day, which is roughly equivalent to 2 weeks on earth. The expected did not happen, the lander deviated from its planned trajectory and got landed in a region, which not supposed for it. The Vikram lander tried a second time to land.
However, the visuals were not seen. With this, ISRO gave statements that their communication with the lander, Vikram was lost. They are still analyzing the data. Based on the ISRO failure analysis report, this failure and the crash were all because of a software bug. To conclude, Chandrayaan 2 was not a successful mission at all in Indian history.
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